This webpage will be updated weekly on Wednesdays to reflect any new data. WEB Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard USDA FAQs and resources about coronavirus COVID-19. WEB Updated March 27 2024 CDC has developed new interim recommendations for prevention monitoring and public health. Avian influenza AI is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry. WEB Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in North America 20212022 Map Avian influenza USDA Information on Avian..
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This webpage will be updated weekly on Wednesdays to reflect any new data. WEB Wild Bird Avian Influenza Surveillance Dashboard USDA FAQs and resources about coronavirus COVID-19. WEB Updated March 27 2024 CDC has developed new interim recommendations for prevention monitoring and public health. Avian influenza AI is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry. WEB Distribution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in North America 20212022 Map Avian influenza USDA Information on Avian..
** Avian Influenza: Classification, Prevention, and Treatment ** Avian influenza viruses are classified into two categories based on their pathogenicity: * **Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (LPAI) A viruses:** Cause mild symptoms or no illness in birds. * **Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) A viruses:** Highly contagious and can cause severe illness and death in birds. HPAI viruses are further divided into subtypes based on two surface proteins: * **Hemagglutinin (HA):** 16 subtypes (H1-H16) * **Neuraminidase (NA):** 9 subtypes (N1-N9) To prevent the spread of influenza between birds and people, it's essential to: * Practice good hygiene, including frequent handwashing and covering coughs and sneezes. * Avoid contact with sick birds or their secretions. * Cook poultry thoroughly to an internal temperature of 165°F. * Properly dispose of poultry carcasses. Influenza antiviral drugs, such as Tamiflu or Relenza, can be used to treat influenza infections. The most well-known HPAI strain is H5N1, which was first detected in 1997. There are four types of influenza viruses: * Influenza A viruses: Cause seasonal epidemics (flu season) in humans and animals. * Influenza B viruses: Also cause seasonal epidemics in humans. * Influenza C viruses: Cause mild respiratory infections in humans. * Influenza D viruses: Found in cattle and cause respiratory infections.
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**Avian Influenza: A Concern for Birds and Humans** **What is Avian Influenza?** Avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, is a viral infection that primarily affects birds. It is caused by avian influenza Type A viruses, which naturally circulate among wild aquatic birds worldwide. **Types of Avian Influenza Viruses** Five subtypes of avian influenza A viruses have been known to cause human infections: H5, H6, H7, H9, and H10. **Spread of Avian Influenza** Avian influenza viruses spread primarily through contact with infected birds or their bodily fluids. Domestic poultry, pet birds, zoo birds, and wild birds are all susceptible to infection. **Low Pathogenicity AI (LPAI)** In domestic poultry, avian influenza viruses can be of low pathogenicity (LPAI), causing mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. **High Pathogenicity AI (HPAI)** However, some strains of avian influenza viruses can be highly pathogenic (HPAI), leading to severe respiratory illness and high mortality in poultry. **Risk to Human Health** Avian influenza viruses rarely infect humans. However, when they do, they can cause a range of symptoms, from mild respiratory illness to severe pneumonia. In rare cases, human infections with avian influenza viruses can be fatal. **Most Commonly Infected Birds** Wild water birds, such as ducks, geese, and swans, are the natural reservoir for avian influenza viruses. Domestic poultry, including chickens, turkeys, and ducks, are also highly susceptible to infection. **Conclusion** Avian influenza is a significant concern for the poultry industry and human health. It is essential to take measures to prevent the spread of the virus, including vaccination of poultry, biosecurity practices, and surveillance for new cases. Understanding the risks associated with avian influenza viruses and taking appropriate precautions is crucial to protect the health of both birds and humans.
**Avian Influenza: Understanding the Virus and Its Subtypes** **Introduction** Avian influenza, also known as bird flu, is a disease caused by infection with avian influenza Type A viruses. These viruses are highly contagious and can cause significant morbidity and mortality in birds. **Subtypes of AH7 Viruses** There are nine known subtypes of AH7 viruses: * AH7N1 * AH7N2 * AH7N3 * AH7N4 * AH7N5 * AH7N6 * AH7N7 * AH7N8 * AH7N9 **Transmission and Symptoms** Avian influenza viruses are primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected birds or their secretions. Humans can become infected through contact with infected birds or their contaminated environments. Symptoms of avian influenza in birds can include: * Respiratory distress * Swelling of the head and neck * Diarrhoea * Lethargy **Public Health Concerns** While avian influenza is primarily a concern for birds, it can also pose a risk to human health. Some strains of avian influenza virus have the potential to cause severe respiratory illness in humans, including: * Avian influenza A (H5N1) * Avian influenza A (H7N9) **Prevention and Control** Prevention and control of avian influenza include: * Biosecurity measures on poultry farms * Vaccination of poultry * Surveillance for infected birds * Early diagnosis and reporting of outbreaks * Protective measures for humans who interact with infected birds **Current Situation** In 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) has been detected in animals in several countries around the world. This strain poses a significant threat to poultry and wild bird populations, and is closely monitored by health authorities. Understanding the different subtypes of avian influenza viruses and their potential impact on both birds and humans is critical for effective prevention and control strategies.
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